Most economically significant sugarcane diseases are transmitted by infected planting material during commercial propagation. The production of high-quality planting material and knowledge of crop sanitary conditions are key factors for designing disease-management strategies.
Sugarcane (Saccharum hybrids) is a major crop facing significant impacts from the development of smut whips caused by Sporisorium scitamineum. This disease can severely impact both the quantity and quality of sugarcane, making effective disease management crucial for sustaining production and economic stability for growers.
Orange rust, caused by Puccinia kuehnii, is a significant disease affecting sugarcane production in many countries worldwide. Variation in disease susceptibility among commercial varieties highlights the need for genetic resistance as a primary strategy for disease control.
The Biosecurity-Extension-Researcher partnership at the South African Sugarcane Research Institute provides a conduit for knowledge exchange between researchers and sugarcane growers. This partnership provides a foundation for the promotion of new varieties, raises grower awareness to relevant disease issues through regular monitoring, and promotes the use of integrated disease management strategies to minimise losses.
Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) has not been successfully transmitted experimentally using insects such as aphids or leafhoppers, and the vector of this virus remains unknown. SCSMV belongs to the genus Poacevirus (family Potyviridae) that consists officially of three virus species, including sugarcane streak mosaic virus (Poacevirus sacchari) and triticum mosaic virus (Poacevirus tritici).
Red stripe disease (RS) in sugarcane [Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae (Aaa)] has gained importance in the last decade in Tucumán, the leading sugarcane-producing province in Argentina, but several aspects of this disease are still unknown.